y project was entitled “Reading 2.0. The Book and the Reader in the Age of Digitalization.” As I bring my studies to a close, I maintain that there is no new, updated way of reading. Except for the fact that reading itself - in a broader sense - is being renegotiated. We are encountering and processing text in all its forms more than ever before in the history of mankind, particularly via screens. But the paper book is still by far the most stable form of printed media. Thirty percent of the Swedish population still read a paper book on a regular day. Digital book media has become more common, however. Bonnier Publishing's sales of digital books (audiobooks/e-books) increased 69 percent from 2015 to 2016.

The main purpose of the project was to study the consequences of digitalization for the Society of the Book, a term coined by Professor Johan Svedjedal. Through a number of articles and both public and internal lectures, I have presented analyses of the changing conditions book industry players have experienced in the digital era. I have also written about the inherent potential of digital - and physical - book media, as well as about new reading technologies and new literary formats. My primarily focus has been on the Swedish bookmarket, and I have approached the subject as a literary sociologist. Key conclusions are: 1) The e-book - in the sense of digitally packaged literature - has clearly changed the market, although it did not become the success or industry savior that the book market had anticipated; among other things, it has contributed to increased interest in the publisher's backlist; 2) The changes the e-book has brought about have occurred in areas where we would have least expected them - a sharp increase in online sales and an increased focus on the physical book's appearance - what I call “digital resistance”, an exploration of and interest in the potential of paper books; 3) the e-book has also, above all, served as the catalyst for a general and industry-specific debate about the specific implications of digitalization for how we read today and are expected to read tomorrow.

During the course of the project, a new research question has also emerged: self-publishing. In a larger essay, completed in autumn 2017, and published [peer review] under the supervision of Professor Johan Svedjedal in Litteratur och samhälle, I document the history and current resurgence of self-publishing. This brings me to two key conclusions my research has generated: 1) the fact that 13-15 percent of all titles published in Sweden today are self-published is entirely to the benefit of digitalization and 2) it is primarily self-help books, memoirs, drama and poetry that are self-published - genres that are in line with the Internet culture and social media's openness to and welcoming of the personal and private.

Implementation in brief
During my three years as a Flexit researcher, I spent nearly two years at the Bonnier Förlagen (BF) in Stockholm, and the rest of my time at the Department of Literature at Uppsala University. At BF, I worked in the BF Digital department. During this period, 2012-2013, the department produced e-books, which was unique among Swedish book publishers. One of the department's initiatives was the 1000 Project, which digitalized 1000 titles from the publisher's collective stock of titles. I wrote an essay about this project, “Brutna ryggar” (“Broken Backs”), which was published in Biblis in 2014. I also authored an internal text on behalf of BF.

My Flexit post at BF comprised research-oriented tasks in the area of digital publishing. I wrote a number of research overviews, including one overview on self-publishing in connection with BF's launch of the self-publishing service Type & Tell, and one overview on e-book subscriptions. I also served as expert advisor and was responsible for a newsletter. I conducted in-depth interviews and a survey about digital reading habits (for Adlibris). As BF's Flexit researcher, I participated in or was responsible for a number of conferences, panels and concluding words at conferences, including for the Swedish Publishers' Association.

In addition to my essay on Swedish e-book publication/production, I have also written an article on reading from mobile screens and new digital literary formats: “Kortläst, snabbläst, lättläst” (“Short Read, Quick Read, Easy Read”, 2013). I have also written about reading apps and digital reading strategies, “Läsa snabbt” (“Read Quickly”, 2016) and authored a conceptual and historical essay about the future of the book discourse (2013). My first essay in the project examined digital reading and was included in the Swedish Foundation for Humanities and Social Sciences 2013 Yearbook.

Collaboration
As a Flexit Researcher, I have focused on the project's goal of researching and initiating collaboration. For my part, this has resulted in over 40 lectures and panel debates in which I was invited to participate as an expert.
I have made appearances at about 20 national and international book fairs (Gothenburg, Beijing), conferences (Gothenburg, Oslo, Boston), research institutions (Södertörn, Vienna, Uppsala) and public institutions such as libraries, associations and societies. For example, I was contracted by Region Gävleborg as keynote speaker in their lecture series “Dela läslust” (“Share the Love of Reading”, 2016). My knowledge of the book's digital future has led to my participation in diverse media outlets such as TT, SR, SVT, SvD and DN, as well as smaller, local newspapers and professional journals.
I have authored over 12 popular science articles on subjects such as audiobooks, digital reading and new online services for literary materials. One of my articles about Amazon and platforming (SvD) was later used in the Swedish Scholastic Aptitude Test for reading comprehension in autumn 2016.
I also coached Lisa Irenius, then culture editor at Upsala Nya Tidning, for her and the newspaper's e-books venture. For this venture, Irenius won the Stora Journalistpriset for achievement in journalism.

In 2015-16, I arranged the workshop series Kod[ex] along with Professor Pelle Snickars. At a number of workshops, we brought together over 30 researchers and professional players in the book industry to discuss the digital transformation of the book. The project was summarized in a research overview in HUMAN-IT.

The project's contribution to the international research front
My research has had a national perspective. The Swedish publishing market and its digital future has been my primary focus. However, I have also presented papers at three international conferences, one of which dealt with my research on digital reading and e-books. This was entitled “On Social Reading” and was presented at “Researching the Reading Experience” in Oslo in 2013. I also held a lecture about Swedish children and their reading on iPads, “Not the Toad!” at the Beijing International BookFair, 2012. At The Boston MLA Conference in 2013, I participated in the “Private Sector Careers” panel, the subject of which was entirely in the spirit of the Flexit program, insofar as it concerned the interaction with and future of humanities researchers in the public and private sectors. The panel was initiated by Anaïs Saint-Jude, who is head of the BiblioTech Program at Stanford University. The program is similar in profile to Flexit.  
I have also been involved - through lectures and workshops - in The Reading School, an international platform and meeting place for artistic discussions/practices concerning reading. The Reading School is headed by the graphic designer Hanna Bergman with support from the Danish Arts Foundation and has held a number of events, gatherings and workshops since 2013. See: http://www.hannabergman.com/index.php?/the-reading-school/
New research questions that have been generated through the project
A new research question that has been generated during the project is the question of the potential of the digital audiobook. In 2012, when my project commenced, this was more or less a non-issue. Audiobooks were not being streamed. People listened to books on CD or MP3. Storytel - the largest audiobook platform in the Nordic region - had not yet put its name on the Swedish publishing map with its purchase of Norstedts in the summer of 2016. Things look different today. The audiobook is the fastest growing (and most financially lucrative) digital book format. Research on the audiobook as a phenomenon and literary format is, however, very much still in its infancy. Future research in the field would therefore seem warranted. Only a few monographs have been written on the subject. In spring 2017, I initiated a dialogue with Storytel to discuss the possibilities of a joint research project/collaboration in autumn 2017.

Since 2015, I have been running a major research project along with Nina Ulmaja (Head of Design at Albert Bonniers Förlag), in which we follow August Strindberg's début novel Röda rummet (The Red Room, 1879) from its original manuscript to the e-book, with a focus on the graphic layout - “the page's interface”, as we call it. The book is interdisciplinary and touches on fields such as graphic design/typography, reading research, book history, publishing history and media and communication science. In this, I have had great use of the studies I conducted and of the network I established in the Flexit program. This research received financial support from the Ridderstads foundation for historical-graphical research, and will be published as a monograph in 2018 by Albert Bonniers Förlag.

In autumn 2016, I headed a major research application (rejected) for RJ's and Vitterhetsakademien's call for proposals “Samlingarna and forskningen” (“Collections and Research”), which was under the theme of collaboration. My and my twelve-person team's project was to investigate library platform Alvin's ability to make the University's digitalized collections available.

In 2012, I was responsible for the Flexit program's successful project “När idéer blir verklighet” (“When ideas become reality”) at Fotografiska in Stockholm.