Since almost two decades the necessity of establishing practices that are based on scientifically secured knowledge, most commonly called evidence-based practice (EBP), have constituted an important and growing political tendency within many different professional fields. The call for a scientific underpinning for professional practice is most clearly developed within the medical field, but it is quite apparent also for psychosocial,l interventions. The issue of what EBP has to offer social work practice and how it ought to be implemented has occupied a central position in the social work debate in Sweden. The project at hand has an overall aim to establish a theoretical and empirical platform for an analysis of the efforts to transform Swedish social work practice through the implementation of EBP, and through this to provide a solid foundation for a critical discussion of the problems and the prospects connected to the ambition of providing a more standardized and scientifically secured practice. Within this broader frame a number of underlying themes are present: The organization of EBP, a theme that includes how EBP is staged in different national contexts. A second theme is directed towards an empirical as well as an analytical appraisal of the basic methodological considerations. A third theme deals with the implementation of EBP, that is how different stakeholders try to secure the fidelity. Thed fourth theme concerns if and how the problems of EBP can be resolved.